Although visually driven neurons along the retinogeniculocortical pathway of mice and primates exhibit differences in response properties and connectivity 8, there are parallels in the overarching meso- and macroscale organization of the visual areas 6. Recently developed techniques for measuring neural activity in genetically identified neurons makes the mouse an attractive model system for investigating cortical processing of coherent motion at previously inaccessible spatial scales 6, 7. Although mouse visual cortical neurons are known to be well-tuned for coherent visual motion 3, 4, and vision plays an important role in navigation 5, mesoscale cortical processing of coherent motion is poorly understood in the mouse.

Although neurons selective for visual motion arise early in the visual system, extensive research in primates has shown that perception of coherent global motion independent of local motion relies on processing in specialized regions of visual cortex 1, 2. Perception of visual motion is critical for animal survival, underlying behaviors such as visually guided navigation, pursuit of prey, and avoidance of threats. These results indicate that processing of visual motion in mouse cortex is distributed heterogeneously both across and within visual areas. Moreover, there is considerable anisotropy within visual areas, such that neurons representing the lower visual field are more responsive to coherent motion. Imaging of primary visual cortex (V1) and higher visual areas (HVAs) during presentation of natural movies and random dot kinematograms (RDKs) reveals varied responsiveness to coherent motion, with stronger responses in dorsal stream areas compared to ventral stream areas. Here, we use widefield and 2-photon calcium imaging of transgenic mice to measure mesoscale and cellular responses to coherent motion. However, whether mouse visual cortex has a similar organization remains unclear, despite powerful genetic tools available for measuring population neural activity. In primates, specific visual cortical regions are specialized for processing of coherent visual motion. Local authorities, the Border Patrol and the nonprofit organizations that provide legal assistance and comfort to migrants usually take in migrants released from federal custody, but are currently lacking volunteers at churches and shelters, Samaniego said.Perception of visual motion is important for a range of ethological behaviors in mammals. Samaniego on Thursday told KTSM that Border Patrol processing centers in the El Paso Sector are at 3,400 capacity and are unable to hold Venezuelan migrants, in particular, any longer. A group of mostly Venezuelan migrants released from Border Patrol custody gather in front of a bus station in Downtown El Paso. Border Patrol started releasing the night before due to severe overcrowding at its processing centers, local officials say.įurther, the Border Patrol is contemplating erecting tent space in the next three to four days to handle the overflow of migrants who are not immediately expelled under public health order Title 42 and are instead routed to processing centers, El Paso County Judge Ricardo Samaniego said. Mendez is one of the dozens of paroled migrants that the U.S. The 20-year-old from Venezuela had spent the past 10 days in a holding cell before finding himself at the Greyhound bus station in Downtown El Paso on Thursday afternoon. EL PASO, Texas (Border Report) – Jesus Mendez teared up when he paused to think about his journey to the United States.

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